brāhmaṇa — the brāhmaṇas; kṣatriya — the kṣatriyas; viśām — the vaiśyas; śūdrāṇām — the śūdras; ca — and; parantapa — O subduer of the enemies; karmāṇi — activities; pravibhaktāni — are divided; svabhāva — own nature; prabhavaiḥ — born of; guṇaiḥ — by the modes of material nature.